Cell encapsulation is a research area within the field of biotechnology that involves the entrapment of living cells within a semipermeable membrane or hydrogel material. This encapsulation technique allows for the isolation and protection of the encapsulated cells while still allowing for the exchange of nutrients, waste products, and signaling molecules with the external environment. Cell encapsulation has a wide range of applications in regenerative medicine, drug delivery, and bioprocessing. In regenerative medicine, encapsulated cells can be implanted into a patient to replace damaged or diseased tissue. In drug delivery, encapsulated cells can be engineered to produce therapeutic proteins or molecules for targeted treatment of diseases. In bioprocessing, encapsulated cells can be used for the production of biofuels, pharmaceuticals, and other bioproducts. Overall, cell encapsulation is a promising tool for a variety of biomedical and biotechnological applications, offering enhanced control over cell behavior and functionality in a controlled environment.